Biology : Health and Disease

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Some Facts about Diseases

Bronchitis is an airborne disease which causes inflammation of the bronchi.
Other airborne diseases are Measles, Chickenpox, Malaria, Tuberculosis, Meningitis, Diptheria, Cold and Influenza; hence, they are contagious.

Typhoid is a waterborne infection caused by contaminated water.
Jaundice is a waterborne disease caused due to contaminated water and unhygienic food.
Dysentery is a waterborne infection caused by bacteria. It leads to inflammation of the lining of the large intestines.

Chickenpox is a viral disease caused by the herpes varicella zoster virus. It causes itchy rash of vesicles on the face and body.
Measles is a viral disease caused by morbillivirus.

Filaria is an illness caused by Wuchereria bancrofti roundworm. It is commonly known as Elephantiasis.
Taeniasis is an illness caused by Taenia solium tapeworm.
Blackwater fever is an illness caused by the protozoan Plasmodium falciparum.

Pneumocystosis is a kind of pneumonia caused due to fungi. Contamination can occur by inhaling the spores or by contact with contaminated saliva. It's one of the most common opportunistic infections in AIDS patients.

Leukoderma is a non-contagious, congenital skin disease in which the body destroys its own pigment cells. Other non-contagious diseases are Arthritis, Lung cancer, Skin cancer, Blood cancer (Leukemia) and Insomnia.
Thalassemia, Hemophilia and Color blindness are non-contagious, hereditary diseases.

Congenital diseases are present before or immediately after birth. Hereditary diseases are transmited from parents to children through their genes.
Conjunctivitis, also known as 'pink eye', is contagious and leads to inflammation of the eye. It causes itching, swelling, redness and watering in one or both the eyes.
Other contagious diseases are Dengue, Leprosy and Cholera.

Rabies, Plague and Bird flu are vector-borne diseases spread by dogs, rats and poultry, respectively.

Bacteriophage is an antibacterial virus, whereas Streptococcus, Staphylococcus and Tubercle Bacillus are pathogenic bacteria.

Some Facts about Health

Blood group O is known as the 'Universal Donor' because it can donate blood to all blood groups (A, B, AB and O).
Blood group AB is known as the 'Universal Recipient' because it can receive blood from all blood groups (A, B, AB and O).

Sir Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin from the fungus Penicillium notatum in 1928.
Joseph Lister introduced sterilization of surgical instruments.
Edward Jenner discovered the vaccine for smallpox.
Robert Koch discovered the bacterium that causes anthrax.

Pasteurization is used to kill the bacteria in milk. Bacteria are killed by rapid lowering and raising of the temperature of milk.

Salmon, when canned, can be stored for nearly a year at temperatures below 70^oF.