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Biology : Human Circulatory System I

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1. Pulse rate in a healthy adult man is _______ beats / minute. (at rest)
• 62-66
• 72-78
• 86-90
• 90-94
Answer: 72-78

2. Normal blood pressure (BP) in a 25-year-old man is _______ mm Hg.
• 100/60
• 140/90
• 120/80
• 170/100
Answer: 120/80
120 mm Hg is the systolic BP, i.e., during ventricular contraction. 80 mm Hg is the diastolic BP, i.e., during ventricular relaxation. In a 25-year-old person systolic pressure ranges from 110/130 mm Hg and diastolic from 70/90 mm Hg.

3.  This statement is not true :
• Veins contain valves.
• Veins are thin-walled.
• All veins carry deoxygenated blood.
• Veins return blood from the various parts of the body to the heart.
Answer: All veins carry deoxygenated blood.
All veins carry deoxygenated blood except pulmonary veins which bring oxygenated blood from lungs to left auricle.


4. Identify the blood vessel 'A' in this diagram.
 heart
• Pulmonary artery
• Inferior vena cava
• Aorta
• Carotid artery
Answer: Aorta
During ventricular contraction, blood is pumped into the aorta, the main arterial trunk, from where it is carried to various parts of the body.

5. Which blood vessels carry blood from heart to various parts of the body?
• Veins
• Capillaries
• Arteries
• All of these
Answer: Arteries

6. Sphygmomanometer is an instrument used to record
• Respiratory rate
• Heart rate
• Electrical activity of heart
• Blood pressure
Answer: Blood pressure
It is a mercury manometer.

7.  This statement is not true regarding hemoglobin : 
•  Hemoglobin carries oxygen.
•  Hemoglobin is found in RBCs.
• Percentage of hemoglobin in a healthy young man is 10/12 gm%.
•  Hemoglobin deficiency leads to anemia.
Answer: Percentage of hemoglobin in a healthy young man is 10/12 gm%.
 Hemoglobin is 14-16 gms%.

8.  This statement is true regarding platelets : 
• Platelets contain many nuclei.
• Platelets do not contain nucleus.
• Platelets contain single nucleus.
• Platelets contain an ill-defined nucleus.
Answer: Platelets do not contain nucleus.
Platelets are formed by fragmentation of megakaryocytes; therefore, they do not contain any nucleus.

9. Identify the blood vessel 'D' in this diagram.
heart
• Aorta
• Inferior vena cava
• Superior vena cava
• Pulmonary Trunk
Answer: Pulmonary Trunk
Pulmonary trunk divides into right and left pulmonary arteries which carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

10.  This statement is not true :
• Valves are present between auricles and ventricles to prevent backflow of blood.
• Right ventricle pumps blood to various parts of the body.
• Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood.
• Left side of the heart contains oxygenated blood.
Answer: Right ventricle pumps blood to various parts of the body.
Right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to lungs through pulmonary arteries. In the lungs, it gets oxygenated and is sent back to left auricle through pulmonary veins.

11. Which of these does not cause an increase in pulse rate?
• Exercise
• Fever
• Sleep
• Anxiety
Answer: Sleep
During fever, anxiety and exercise, metabolic rate of the body increases. This results in increased oxygen demand, which in turn causes increase in heart rate.

12. Due to presence of _______ , back flow of blood is prevented in veins.
• Septa
• Thick walls
• Valves
• Arteries
Answer: Valves

13. Very fine vessels called capillaries connect arteries and veins to each other.
• True
• False
Answer: True

14. Deficiency of hemoglobin is known as anemia.
• True
• False
Answer: True

15. Contraction of ventricles is known as diastole.
• True
• False
Answer: False
Contraction of ventricles is known as systole. It results in ejection of blood out of the ventricles.
Diastole is the relaxation of ventricles. It results in filling of the ventricles with the blood.

16. Bleeding time is prolonged in hemophilia.
• True
• False
Answer: False
Hemophilia is caused due to deficiency of a clotting factor. Bleeding time i.e. the time required for bleeding to stop when a puncture is made into the skin, remains unchanged. Clotting time is prolonged.

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