Arithmetic : Properties of Integers and Numbers

Factors and Multiples

If integer n divides integer m exactly with zero remainder, then n is a factor (divisor) of m, and m is divisible by n.
For example, 16 is divisible by 2 but not by 3. The factors of 16 are 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16.

If n is a factor of m, then m is called a multiple of n.

Also, there exists another integer k such that m = n × k and thus m is also a multiple of k.
For example, 16 = 2 × 8 and so 16 is a multiple of 2 as well as 8. Note that 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, ... are multiples of 8; but 8, 24 and 40 are not multiples of 16.

MUST-KNOW : Any integer is a multiple of each of its factors.